Abortions and Mens Rights Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Men Essay

Abortions and Mens RightsAre you a man? Have you ever dealt with the issue of losing or being in the process of losing a squirt in which you took part in making? Its difficult to truthfully answer these questions if youre not a man and if you havent experienced abortion first hand. January 22, 1973 marked the beginning of a moral and political revolution in this country that would forever change many lives 1. The landmark purpose ruled constitutional by the Supreme Court to legalize abortion with unrestricted procedures would profoundly affect women and mens lives. But the American night club forgot half of the population that would be traumatized by this experience, just because they were men. Throughout the limited information available on this topic it was clearly evident that men do suffer both emotional and physical symptoms due to a personal abortion. Abortion is considered an inhuman procedure according to pro-life activists, but if its the yet option a female is willing t o take to correct a mistake then its a decision that needs to involve both sides that created the problem. When the decision comes down to abortion, where argon the rights of the father? The way the law functions is that the father has no legal say in what happens to his unborn child. He is denied any rights to book his child he cannot say one word about the continued existence of his child in the womb. The Supreme Courts decision literally stripped the father of all his parental rights regarding his own flesh and blood during the first nine months of his son or daughters life. Only at birth can he engage in the childs life and have full rights along with obligations granted to him. How is it that the courts paved the way for women to lock of a fetus if they want to with nothing stopping them because its their body? Yet the men that helped create this new being has no say in what could or should happen with the life of the unborn As many as 600,000 males annually, from all walks o f life do time in the waiting rooms of the body politics five hundred or so abortion clinics 2. They are expected to sit and wait until its okay to visit their significant early(a) in the recovery room or time to leave. And no one ever thinks how does he feel about the abortion? or was there a factor that motivated him to take part in this decision?How does that waiting... ... be debilitating his life. Many men return to, or discovered his religious faith. Allowing him to sustain a sense of joy and knowing he has complete, divine forgiveness. Whatever positive approach the male takes to curing his broken heart it will gather a difference in the years to come.Abortion is a far greater dilemma for men than researchers, counselors- and women- have even begun to realize. Men of all ethnic backgrounds, ages, and socioeconomic levels have trouble dealing with abortion- and sometimes more trouble than women have. Unable to bear children themselves and powerless to prevent their partn ers from terminating a pregnancy, men who care are the silent sufferers, bewildered and frustrated by their emotional responses9. The whole process that takes place in order to abort a baby is life ever-changing and should be dealt with honest and intelligent feelings. A women and man should communicate on the matter and reconcile what is best for the both of them. It took to conceive it should take two to decide the future of the unborn and that of the adults involved. A fertile women can decide to have a baby almost anytime she wants. A man cannot 10. He needs to be involved.

The Cuban Revolution Essay examples -- Cuban History, Fidel Castro,

After year of recruiting, training, plotting, Fidel was ready to assemble his revolutionary offensive. His rebel army consisted of little than 200 men, and two women (Huberman 1960 28) the group consisted of students or graduates, and nearly all of them were young person people like himself and his br separate, Ral. Most of them were politically active, articulate and impatient young men who had been drawn to the radical movements or to the ardently reformist Orthodox Party of Eduardo Chibas. (Macgaffey 1962 275)The rebels gathered outside Santiago, in the Fidels native Province of Oriente where they could launch an attack on Moncada Barracks, the armys second largest military installation. (Huberman 1960 28 Macgaffey 1962 275) The attack was slated for July 26, 1953, at dawn, during the annual carnival celebration. (McCormick 1998 67) With the carnival in full sway, Castro anticipate the military to have its guard down. (Leonard 1999 9)At dawn of July 26, they divided into sma ll groups to launch the assault, each group with specific objectives. The first intention was to take by the surprise and capture the Fort Moncada, and take machine guns, tanks, armored trucks, up-to-date rifles and ammunition. (Huberman 1960 28) They could then seize radio stations, (Hampsey 2002 95) and They were to announce a revolution based on Creole values, (Goldenberg 1965 151) led by new men ... free of all obstacles with foreign nations and ... of appetites of politicians. They promised welfare and economic prosperity, social justice, respect for other nations, and respect for the constitution. (Macgaffey 1962 275, 276) such(prenominal) publicity was designed to call the people to revolt against the dictator, Batista, (Hampsey 200... ... arrange a Military Junta. (Goldenberg 1965 163) However, before the plan could be put into operation, the battle of Santa Clara took place, ending in a total fiasco for government troops.(Goldenberg 1965 163 Macgaffey 1962 293) On the nig ht of December 31, Batista and his collaborators fled to Dominica Republic. (Macgaffey 1962 293) Immediately, Fidel called for general strike and subsequently, other major cities surrendered and Fidel and his rebels marched to Havana. (Goldenberg 1965 163 Macgaffey 1962 293) Before the dawn on January 2, Fidels army marched into Santiago, and accepted unconditional surrender of Batistas forces at Moncada. (Goldenberg 1965 163) The war was over and Fidel and his victorious army rode in triumph from one end of the island to the other and arrived in Havana on January 8. (Goldenberg 1965 163 Macgaffey 1962 293)

Student Athlete Recruiting :: Recruitment Sports Essays

Student Athlete RecruitingLamarr Monterio, a sophomore wide receiver at Northeastern University, propelled his high school football team, Oliver Ames, into a lovely team. I was the first player to be recruited for a Division I school in years, Monterio said. He broke numerous state records and received a lot of publicity as a corner back at Oliver Ames High School in Easton, Massachusetts. He said that he started to receive earn from recruiting schools right before he started his junior year.I probably got 12 shoe boxes full of letters. Senior year is especially hectic because coaches call and yack a lot, said Monterio. The NCAA has a set of rules, which universities follow for recruiting, and it states that a Division I college recruiting a high school player can start send printed materials on September 1st of an athletes junior year. This can include authorised academic, admissions and student information, some(prenominal) publications or videotapes published by the college, and any general correspondence. The general rules by the NCAA state that the activities by coaches or boosters that cause a player to become a recruited prospective student athlete be Providing an official visit Placing more than one telephone call to the recruit or opposite members of the family or Visiting the recruit or any other member of the family anywhere other than the college campus.The universities that sought interest in Monterio were the University of Massachusetts Amherst, Northeastern University, University of Rhode Island, University of Connecticut, and the University of Maine. They sent him many letters and videotapes during his junior and senior year at Oliver Ames. The coaches from these universities also visited Oliver Ames to watch him play. Recruits are allowed five visits, official and unofficial, to colleges. The college covers the expenses on an official visit. The recruits have to provide their own transportation on an unofficial visit. Monterio chose two universities for an official visit, which were Umass-Amherst and the University of Maine. During the day I spent time with the coaches, administrators, and advisors, and from then on I spent time with my host, said Monteiro.Prospective Student Athletes (PSA) are often wedded a host, usually someone who has something in common with the PSA, to show them the schools campus and other places in the area where the school is located.Monterio said after discussing his visits with his family and study Umass-Amherst to the University of Maine, he decided to go to Umass-Amherst.

Women as News Anchors Essay -- Women Feminism Careers Employment Essay

Wowork force as News AnchorsWomen in all careers are striving to gain equality in the work sucktoday, and female television tidings anchors are definitely part of the fight. Theroad to television news anchoring is a rocky one, where only a few women brave outand many fail. Where progress was erst thought to have been made, there arentmany females getting ahead in the world of television news. Today, there is a truly slow, if any, gain in the numbers of women who succeed.There are many questions surrounding the subject of women in televisionnews, and I provide attempt to answer relevant ones in this paper. How have thewomen that actually make it to the top and succeed as anchorwomen, done it?What does it take to make it? Why do those few endure it/ bed it? Why has itbeen and still is difficult for women? What are the expectations of women inthe field, as opposed to the expectations of men?I am interested in this topic because I once aspired to become atelevision broadcaster. I s till have inspiration in me, but not quite as muchdue to the ostracize and discouraging aspects I have heard about in classes andin the media. I am not sure that I could be happy in a career such as this, andI know there are great difficulties in making it in this profession. I have render about the incredible ambition of successful females in television news, andit seems like it takes a special kind of passion to want to keep up in thebusiness.I kept my questions in mind when gathering research material. Whilefocusing on the key questions, I was able to find development that direct me toform answers to them. Christine Crafts biography told of her individualexperience of being fired on the basis of her looks and her age. I realizedfrom reading her story that she had a nose for news, a passion for telling itto the world, and a unique spark that made her a good journalist, yet thosequalities werent enough in her case. She took that passion and spark, filed a informal discrimination case and won.Hard News Women in Broadcast Journalism had a few chapters that wererelevant to today, and I could draw on some information for my paper. However,much of the information was historical and not helpful to answering my questions.Battling for News concentrated mainly on print journalism. There wasmaterial about the fi... ...ays of anchormen, senior anchors never fade away. And they cant bekilled by mortal means (Katz 1995, p. 164).Sadly, forward movements arent apparent today by women in televisionnews. Forty years ago, a female gaining the anchor position on the evening newswas a leap forward. Today it feels more like a step backward, an attempt to squelch accomplished, contemporary women into an ill-fitting straightjacket (Katz1995, p. 164).It is apparent that women news anchors face many more struggles than menin the field. It takes a unique individual to fight through those struggles and endeavor for what they want most to relay news throughout the world. Equalitywi th men is far from being reached, but a few females have stood their groundand hopefully made a difference for others that follow. If people open theireyes and realize there are plenty of women who are just as, if not more,competent than men at holding an anchor position, women could gain respectwithin the field. For now, the few women who find success and are willing toendure the hardships that come along will likely survive in the business, atleast until age hinders their physical appearance.

The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

An essay on The Anatomy of Hu domain Destructiveness by Erich Fromm. Amount of pages 478. The book goes on in explaining the ways of encroachment and how it reaches into man. Citing aggressive examples in the behavior of necrophilics and Hitler. The author goes into the early life of Hitler and his parents. How it had effect on what he became and his destructive way of life. He was a man that situated half way between reality and his fantasy. He had played war games up until the age of sixteen and after that he commanded his army like they had been a game. Taking risks with soldiers as well as ignoring precise information that would have been critical to his plans and also the ignorance of British and US tolerance. He was a psychotic man who is a very good example of how far a man with destructive purpose can rise.Trying to explain aggressive behavior, there is contract on a core issue, instincts. Going through animal behavior and comparing it with human behavior and how similar our instincts are. There is also focus on examining primitive tribes. The object of these findings were to find out how warlike the tribes are. In the hunting-gatherers tribes, war is not as popular and profitable as in modern society. 2 reasons for this is that these tribes dont have most valuable items and there is no shared type of currency to take. In these tribes, war was infrequent and not lead by imperishable leaders. As opposed by modern days. What also differs is the conquest to kill as many of the enemy as possible. Aggression is ruled into several categories, such(prenominal) as Benign aggression which is one of a defensive type and malignant aggression which actually roots into other conditions. Premises, necrophilia, cruelty and oddment. The joy of destruction and abuse of it. Destructiveness rest not only in acts but as worships. There is a case of idolatry, a man totally devoted to the whale of destruction. Kern, von salomon. A man like this and his acts are by no means normal, and supposedly caused by the world he knows, all morally, socially, honor, obedience is lost. The aggression takes aver for many reasons. Although an extreme case of aggression, we see what may be societies cause on its own people. Such a thing is a window to this picture. other focus would be on Milgrams electric experiment.

The Great Gatsby :: essays research papers

An essay on The Anatomy of Hu troops Destructiveness by Erich Fromm. Amount of pages 478. The book goes on in explaining the ship canal of invasion and how it reaches into man. Citing aggressive examples in the behavior of necrophilics and Hitler. The author goes into the early life of Hitler and his parents. How it had effect on what he became and his destructive way of life. He was a man that laid half way between reality and his fantasy. He had played war games up until the age of sixteen and after that he commanded his army alike(p) they had been a game. Taking risks with soldiers as well as ignoring precise information that would have been critical to his plans and also the ignorance of British and US tolerance. He was a psychotic man who is a very good example of how far a man with destructive purpose can rise.Trying to explain aggressive behavior, on that point is condense on a core issue, instincts. Going through animal behavior and comparing it with human behavior and how similar our instincts are. There is also focus on examining primitive tribes. The object of these findings were to find out how warlike the tribes are. In the hunting-gatherers tribes, war is not as popular and profitable as in new(a) society. Two reasons for this is that these tribes dont have most valuable items and there is no shared type of currency to take. In these tribes, war was infrequent and not lead by permanent leaders. As opposed by modern days. What also differs is the conquest to kill as many of the enemy as possible. Aggression is ruled into several(prenominal) categories, such as Benign aggression which is one of a defensive type and malignant aggression which actually roots into other conditions. Premises, necrophilia, cruelty and destruction. The delectation of destruction and abuse of it. Destructiveness rest not only in acts but as worships. There is a case of idolatry, a man totally give to the monster of destruction. Kern, von salomon. A man like this a nd his acts are by no means normal, and supposedly caused by the world he knows, all morally, socially, honor, obedience is lost. The aggression takes control for many reasons. Although an extreme case of aggression, we see what may be societies cause on its own people. Such a thing is a window to this picture. Another focus would be on Milgrams electric experiment.

Integrative Problems and Virtual Organization

Integrative Problems and practical(prenominal) Organization LaShell Johnson Lynnette ONeil Thomas Hernandez University of Phoenix Finance for Business FIN 370 Bruce Fox December 14, 2011 Integrative Problems and Virtual Organization Lafleur Trading Company is a private bon ton that has supplied the world with the finest food and wines over 3 dozen handicraft partners across the planet. Recently, they take hold mulish to expand their operations. Looking at their options, they may expand by acquiring a nonher organization in the same industry, go commonplace through an IPO, or merge with another organization.Below are the pros and cons that may come with each approach. One advantage of being a privately held company is the ability to move speedily without having to obtain approval of shareholders or a menu of directors. The owners of a privately held company have a greater interest in the success of the line of products because of the greater risk the owners face. It would be easier and faster to acquire a company in the same industry. The company would obtain a new customer lascivious and potentially be obtaining new technology that would improve overall operational effectiveness.When an organization decides to expand their duty by acquiring another organization in the same industry, on that point are a few things that need to be considered. An acquisition can be defined as the purchase of champion business or company by another company or business entity. One of the strengths of acquiring another company is the fact that they have so many an(prenominal) trading partners across a wide range. Lafleur Trading Company only deals with reputable producers and exporters which shows that they are more than(prenominal) than capable of handling more responsibility. Their extensive magnetic dip of products includes seafood, wine, fruit, vegetables, cheese and maple products.If a friendly acquisition occurs, both companies would work together and negotiat e the arrangements. Learning more efficient ways for production can withal be discovered during the process of an acquisition. There are weaknesses during this process such as transferring of technologies and capabilities can prove difficult because of acquisition implementation. There is always a risk of losing implicit knowledge during a fast paced acquisition. A lack of adequate record keeping can prove costly and time consuming for the acquiring company. There are always opportunities when a company acquires another.For one, the company can increase supply-chain pricing power by buying out one of its suppliers. This allows a company to eliminate a level of costs. Another opportunity to be had is eliminating competition in order to gain a larger commercialize share in its products market. An example of a threat would be a hostile takeover. This is when one company buys another against its will. Employees of the acquired company may feel threatened thus issuinging in a lack o f communication which may be beneficial to the acquiring steady. Expanding through acquisition also has secret risks there may be potential law suits that are unknown at the time of purchase.If the acquisition is not structured properly, the acquiring company would have to absorb all the potential liabilities. Another way to expand a privately owned company is to undertake an Initial Public Offering, or a sale of stock by a private company to the public. Companies undertaking IPO may request assistance of an Investment Banking firm to help tax the values of their shares. When the company list their shares to the public exchange, the property paid by investors for those shares goes directly to the company.IPO enables a company access to money, provided by investors, which they can use as capital for future growth. Of course there are variables that may or may not benefit the expanding company. One of the benefits of an IPO is the media coverage the business receives. When favorab le, the companys reputation of its products and services attract more investors. The companys activities will also be reflected in the reports of professional financial analysts. Positive public profile not only support liquidity of the shares, but also becomes a desirable and reliable partner.Banks also become keen on extending loans with disappoint interest rates (Trust Capital Group, 2003-2011) Going public also provides its challenges. One of the most important challenges is the need for added disclosure for investors. Public companies are also modulate by the Securities Exchange Act in regards to periodic financial reportings. These requirements increase legal, accounting and marketing costs. If La Fleur Trading Company would rather not deal with these additional regulations, they may also decide to merge with another organization.The strengths of unify with another organization, for La Fleur Trading Company can be truly beneficial for the company, as its definition says me rging is the acquisition of another firm, or merging is the result when two firms unite into one, some of the benefits of emerging with another firm can be economies of scale and a more improved organizational efficiency, it also reduces the staff costs, and general expenses, all this factors have convinced more and more firms to merge with another firm over an IPO.However there might be some weaknesses when merging with another firm, like in every firm there might be some risks to take when making a business, some of the disadvantages of merging with another firm might be, legal expenses, short term opportunity costs, costs and expenses related with the takeover or the merger, potential devaluation of equity and some possible intangible costs that may affect the firms, as a result merging with another firm can be very beneficial or very risky, it may benefit the firms by creating and saving more money for both, or it can be very devastating for both by the much more greater losses that the companies are going to lose with the merging of both firms. In conclusion, we have determined that Lafleur Trading Company should choose the route of merging with another organization because of the type of business it is. It would be more feasible to merge with another firm and gain additional trading partners through that process.By going through an acquisition, the company may lose the existing relationships with the trading partners which would be more costly to start over. As a privately held company, there are no concerns with having to obtain approval of shareholders or a board of directors. It would be easier and faster to merge with a company in the same industry. The company would obtain a new customer base and potentially be obtaining new technology that would improve overall operational effectiveness. Reference Trust Capital Group. (2003-2011). IPO Benefits. Retrieved from http//www. trust-capital. com/page. php? id=73&&PHPSESSID=798a964978326d6fb0a20625b21ecca6 Keown, A. J. , Martin, J. D. , Petty, J. W. , & Scott, D. F. (2005). Financial Management Principles and applications (10th ed. ).

Ezhuthachan

Indian poet from around the 16th or 17th century, known as the father of the Malayalam languagewhich is the principal language of the Indian call forth of Kerala, spoken by 36 million people in the world. 1 In his era, Vattezhuttu, an old script originally used to write Tamil, was generally used in Kerala to write this language. However, he wrote his Malayalam poems in Arya-ezhuttu, a Grantha-based script originally used to write Sanskrit, so that he could accurately transliterate Sanskrit words into Malayalam.His works became unprecedentedly popular, which also popularized the writing system adopted by him, and that is the current Malayalam alphabet. He was born in Trikkantiyur ( , Tr? kka iyur), in the town of Tirur, in Kerala. At that time,it was a dissolve of Vettattnad. 2 His personal name is Ramanujan. Thunchaththu is his family name, and Ezhuthachan (schoolmaster) is an honorific title or the last name indicating his caste. His name is transliterated in several different way s, including Thunchath Ezhuthachan, Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan, and Thunjath Ezhuthachan.Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan lived in the 16th century,34 or the 16th century. 5 He was born at Trikkantiyur (Trkkantiyur) in the Tirur municipality, Malappuram, Kerala, India. His birthplace is now known as Thunjan Parambu. According to Arthur Coke Burnell, he was a low-caste man who goes on a lower floor the name Tunjatta E? uttacchan, a native of Trikka iyur in the present 1874 district of Malabar. He lived in the seventeenth century, except his real name is forgotten Tunjatta existence his house or family-name, and E? uttacchan (=schoolmaster) indicating his caste. 6 In 1865, Burnell actually saw the manuscript of the Bhagavata translated and adapted by Thunchaththu, allegedly copied by his sister, preserved at Puzhakkal in the Chittur taluk, and wrote in his book published in 1874 The authors stool, clogs, and staff are preserved in the same place it thus looks as if Tunjatta E? uttacchan was a sannyasi of some order. 7 Some sourceswho? state that he was born into a Chakkala Nair among Nairs) family, held low among Savarna hindu caste system of Kerala and among the Nair caste. Some apocryphal legends vex that Ezhuthachans father was a Namboodiri .That version is totally ahistoric. 8 A few sources claim that he was of the Ezhuthachan caste. A. C. Burnell, a noted indologist, had categorically verbalize that Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan belongs to Ezhuthachan Caste only. He had stated this when he redact an article written by another important scholar F. W. Ellis when he published that article in Indian Antiquery in 1878 after(prenominal) the death of linguist Ellis. In that path breaking article Ellis articulated the evolution of Malayalam (Malayanma) and other south indian languages. F. W. Ellis had stated A Brahman without a father must be born of an unmarried female of that tribe, whose celibacy ought to have been inviolate he is considered, therefore, illegitimate, and has scarcely an assignable place in society. Elutt Achan, or the Father of Letters, was a Brahman without a father, and on that account has no patronymic. The Brahmans envied his genius and are said to have seduced him by the arts of necromancy into the habit of ebriety.. he enriched the Malayalam with the definitions, all of which, it is said, he composed under the immediate influence of intoxication. To which A. C. Brunell added the footnote Eluttachchan sic lived in the 17th century there is no reason for supposing that he was a Brahman fathers illegitimate son he was certainly an Eluttachchan (or schoolmaster) by caste Great Malayalam poet and historian Ulloor S. Parameswara Iyer concludes Ezhuthachan as either Chakkala Nair or Vattekattu Nair. Sri K. Balakrishna kurup in his famous book Viswathinte Kanappurangal published by Mathrubhumi ptg and publishing company Kozhikode had stated that Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan belongs to Ezhuthachan caste.Prof. T. B. Vijayakumar noted scholar, historian had written many articles in all reputable journals, like Mathrubhumi Weekly, had also stated that Thunchaththu Ezhuthachan belongs to Ezhuthachan caste. In nut shell, Ezhuthachan was a Kaniyan by caste and had a title Ezhuthu Asan in relation with his teaching service in Ezhuthupalli. In the Pre and early British ruling era of Kerala, the Kaniyans (traditional astrologers) were the only class who had undertaken the role of teaching letters, grammar, sanskrit and literature to non Brahmin communities.So they were known Ezhuthu Asan (Ezhuthachan in the vernacular), but, afterward this professional name was adopted by the descendants of families of non Brahmin disciples of Thunchat Ezhutahchan ,as a special caste or class. Most of these people were from Chakkala Nair and Kadupattan castes. editFather of Malayalam language According to Dr K N Ezhuthachan, noted scholar, writer, essayist, poet, only Ramayanam and Bharatham belong to him. Others, usually attributed t o him, were not really his . See his two volume selected works of Dr K N Ezhuthachan, published by Kerala Sahithya Akademi Thrissur.According to Dr K N Ezhuthachan even Uththara ramayanam is not of his. Its compostion lacks Ezhuthachans stamp and genius. There may have been many popular keerthanas, namam or japam by other poets, but it was veritably impossible to find a single house in Kerala without Ezhuthachans Adhyathmaramayanam during those dark times of war, disease and famine. There is no doubt about his contribution to the literary level of the common man. Ezhuthachan taught the people to respect and worship the language and the alphabet, a level of culture which is difficult to find even in the modern era.He refined the Malayalam language style and wrote his works for ordinary people, incorporating whatever is good with a strong sense of righteousness and worship. His contribution to the Malayalam language through the Adhyatmaramayanam (a translation of the Ramayana and Mah abharatham (a translation of the Mahabharata) is unparalleled, and his contribution in the cultural level is immense. His chief original works are said to include the9 Keralolpathi Hari Nama Keerthanam The song of the Holy Name Hari GanapatistavamKilippatu Prasthanam Devi Mahatmayam Kerala Natakam Harihara Sudham various census reports (Census reports of erstwhile Madras presidency- Census reports erstwhile princely states of Cochin and Travoncore were also included in that) from 1870 onwards- Ezhuthachan Caste was shown as low caste sudra caste. 10 The artistic style father of language is a symbolic reference. Language represents culture. So Ezhuthachan is in fact denoting culture. He shone as a brilliant star above our culture. He renovated the alphabets of heart.We see the light of conscience and moderation in Ezhuthachan. We call him the father of Malayalam language because he led the language to a new dimension. Chattanath Achuthanunni Chair Thunjan fiesta meeting (1998 ) Great poet Mahakavi Kodungallore Kunhikuttan Thampuran who was a titan among poets, who singlehandedly translated entire Mahabharatham into Malayalam vernacular within short span of time, stated in an article in a literaray journal, Rasikaranjini edited by himself, that Thunchath Ezhuthachan belonged to Ezhuthachan Caste only. edit

Tom Jones and Joseph Andrews

1. INTRODUCTION The novel is a literary gender which was developed late, firstly in the Modern Ages achieving its maturity in the 19th century, although it has its precedents in earlier periods, for example in the Antiquity and the Oriental literatures. According to Wikipedia A novel is a long prose narrative that describes fictional characters and events in the form of a sequential story, usually. The genre has historical roots in the fields of medieval and early modern romance and in the tradition of the novella.The latter, an Italian word used to describe short stories, supplied the present generic English term in the 18th century. (Wikipedia) So, Henry field was born in a period in which the novel was non fully developed, and he could be considered as a pioneer of this genre. His first major novel was The bill of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and his friend, Mr. Abraham Adams, published in 1742. The novel was a chaff of the Samuel Richardsons novel Pamela as a continuation of Shamela, a pamphlet which was a parody of Pamela.But the residue surrounded by Shamela and Joseph Andews lies in the parody, meanwhile Shamela is a parody, Joseph Andrews started as a parody but finally the novel turned into an independent work, the characters and plot occupyy their profess history. The following and most famous work of Henry Fielding was The History of tom Jones, a Foundling, published in 1749. In this novel, Fielding expresses a lot of things of his own life and things of the situation of England in that mo workforcet.But, on the contrary of which is thought, tomcat Jones is not an historical novel in the horse sense of express a lot of things of the context of Great Britain (for example, the Jacobite Revolution in which Fielding was very interested, is only somad two times in the book, which makes the reader set the novel in a context and a specific period but do not try to tell all the story of England), but in the sense of creating histories of its characters, Fielding was an innovator with this structure.So the novel is considered an historical novel but not in the sense in which most people understand it. Henry Fielding had a lot of works, novels and plays. But the purpose of this essay is to make a comparison between the two novels pick upd before, gobbler Jones and Joseph Andrews, focusing on their structure in which leave be analyzed the characters, and the style of the two novels trying to find the similarities and the differences. 2. A COMPARISON OF THE STRUCTURE IN TOM JONES AND JOSEPH ANDREWS 3. 1. CHARACTERSAlthough, there be a lot of characters in both novels, this essay is going to focus on the most important characters such as tomcat Jones, Sophia western and Allworthy in Tom Jones, and Joseph Andrews, Fanny, and Parson Adams in Joseph Andrews. Tom Jones is the of import character of the novel The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling. And Joseph Andrews is the main character of the novel The History of the Adv entures of Joseph Andrews and his friend, Mrs. Abraham Adams. As main characters they have umteen things in common. For example, at first, it was believed that Tom Jones was the son of Jenny Jones, so he was adopted by Mr.Allworthy and he was treated corresponding a boy of the lower crime syndicate, but finally, he discovered that he was the son of Bridget Allworthy, and his uncle, Mr. Allworthy named him heir of all his fortune. In Joseph Andrews was something similar. At first, it was believed that Joseph was the son of Mr. Gaffer Andrews and Mrs. Gamer Andrews who in a give care(p) manner belonged to the lower class, but finally, Joseph Andrews discovered that he is the son of a gentleman called Mr. Wilson. But a difference between Tom and Joseph is how they deal with women.Joseph was pursued by Lady Booby and he rejected her and left her house in which he was working as a servant. He travelled to his home again and he met with Fanny, a girl who he was in love with. But To m had many affairs with women, for instance, with Molly Seagrim, and after confessing his feelings to Sophia Western (who was deeply in love with him), Tom began an affair with Lady Bellaston and Mrs. Waters. Any expressive style, Tom Jones is gentleman who always tries to treat women with respect. Tom excessively treats women with the utmost respect, obliging their desire to be courted by pretending to be the seducer even when they are seducing him.Tom refuses to abandon Molly for Sophia and is plagued by his obligations to Lady Bellaston. Nonetheless, Toms refusal of the tempting marriage proposal of Arabella Huntwhose last name underscores the fact that Tom is hunted more often than he is the hunterindicates that he has mended his wild ways and is ready to be hail Sophias husband. Toms gallantry reveals itself in his relationships with men as well as women, however. This spirit is evident in Toms insistence on paying the drinking bill for the army men at Bristol, and in his gall ant defense of himself in the duel. Sparknotes) On the contrary, Joseph Andrews tries to be a gentleman but he is not. And Joseph is, as C. J. Rawson has noticed, something of a parody of a gentleman alternatively than a gentleman. It is really a distinction between nature and nurture, for Joseph is born a real gentleman (without knowing it) but does not quite hump to carry himself like one he has the most perfect Neatness in his Dress, and an Air, which to those who have not seen many Noblemen, would give an Idea of Nobility (38-39 1, 8).But those who have seen many noblemen would, presumably, not be deceived by such an appearance. (Varey) Anyway, although Joseph Andrews is not a real gentleman in his manner, he is unaffected, honest, and blunt (Varey). In Tom Jones, we find the character of Sophia Western who is the other main character in the novel. She is the person in who Fielding shows the virtue of the innocence. But, although she is like a delicate girl and innocent, she faces her father and her aunt because she loves Tom and she does not want to marry Bilfil.Sophia is the essence of womanhood in the novel. She is very honest and obedient in the novel but she also has a sense of independence towards her fathers wishes. After she and Tom are lovers and Tom is extradited from the town Sophia is willing to go against her fathers order to stay and marry Blifil and she leaves the town to go and find Jones. Although Sophia is very honest and loving she does not think like Jones. She is not dedicated like Jones. She puts her personal interest before the welfare of others. The History of Tom Jones) In Joseph Andrews, we find the character of Sophia in Tom Jones, Fanny she is the girl who is in love with Joseph and she has a lot of similarities with Sophia, both of them are innocents and sensitive, but they fight for their love. She has sensibility, sweetness, and gentility in short, she is the perfect object for Josephs love, and the way in which she right off take for granteds to the road in search of Joseph after hearing of his plight testifies that she too has a depth of feeling all too rare in this novel.Yet she also possesses a deep sense of modesty and, in all honesty, one must admit that Fanny is a little too perfect. But segmentation of her charm is in the way Fielding uses her in his comic contrasts. (Cliffnotes) Finally, the last character of Tom Jones which will be analyzed is Mr. Allworthy. The reader only has to read the last name of this character to realize how he is, and how he is going to act along the novel. Allworthy is the person who takes Tom Jones and adopts him when he knew that Tom Jones mother broadcast a sin being pregnant of a man and not marrying with him.He is the protector of Tom Jones he is like an ideal man He is intelligent, virtuous, charitable, human and cautious. Tom is good, generous and honest, but he has a lack of caution and a faith to use it as an obstacle to the temptations of the flesh t o be like Mr. Allworthy. But in Joseph Andrews we find Parson Abraham Adams. He is who leads Joseph in the adventures. Although he is a little bit dreamer, he is the character which set the clean basis in the novel. Adams is a very good man and yet a very human man he has his head in the clouds and although his feet are on the ground, they are usually in puddles.Comic though he is, he is the firm pivot of the novels righteous influence. It is his belief in charitable action which distinguishes him as a parson from such hypocritical boors as Trulliber. Like Joseph and Fanny, he acts on his feelings, and it is because of this affinity that he is such a fine guardian and go along to the young pair. (Cliffnotes) 2. 2 STRUCTURE / STYLE Henry Fielding was known for his style of writing. In Tom Jones and Joseph Andrews, he represents the virtues, and he uses the satire.According to the structure, Joseph Andrews has a lot of picaresque the action takes place on the road and in inns. And the most of the events, in which Joseph or Adams are involved, are independent from each other. Fielding introduces such events, and the stories between the main story, to underline and satirize the selfish and hypocritical behavior which is common in all the classes of the society. Fielding creates a lot of characters of all types, from the lower class and upper class such as aristocrats, landowners, clergies, doctors, lawyers, actors, drivers and innkeepers.In Joseph Andrews characters of inferior rank and manners are numerous. The list includes more innkeepers, an hostler or two, a coachman, and various rustics. His characterisation of these inferior characters and their conversation shows Fieldings familiarity with the lower classes and their speech, which he insists is as important to the novelist as a knowledge of upper life. (Bissel 69) The structure of Tom Jones is very similar to Joseph Andrews, but it is a novel larger, which includes evocations of the life in the land a nd scenes of the London life.In the preface of Joseph Andrews, Fielding notes that he sees the novel as an larger-than-life poem in a mocking tone and prose. The epic poem represented a narrative way renowned for the tradition in which the generator could inspire himself, without fear of the critics, when he wanted to create a new kind of literary work. Tom Jones is a novel extraordinary good planed. It is support in the structure of the epic-poem a central action which moves forward with regular steps to a final target and of which events contribute in some way to the whole narration.Tom Jones, as a new Ulysses, he sees him forced to leave his home, and after a lot of adventures which polish his personality and put his qualities down, finally he comes back to his home to meet with his Penelope, the faithful Sophia Western. The period of adventures reminds a lot to the picaresque atmosphere of Joseph Andrews and, as in this one, the war deeds take place in inns. The influence of C ervantes in Joseph Andrews is diaphanous and the author himself admits it. Parson Adams and Joseph Andrews, as fag out Quixote and Sancho Panza, go through the paths and share adventures which are told with humor. More obvious than any of these, the influence of Cervantes appears not only in the resemblance between Don Quixote and Parson Adams, but also in a number of similarities in manner and incident. (Battestin) Adams and Don Quixote are characters, who due to their idealism lose contact with the reality both of them assume the good intentions of the different characters they meet and that is the reason why all people trick him. As Adams looks like Don Quixote, Joseph Andrews looks like Sancho Panza. There are some similarities between them.Sancho represents the realism and Joseph personifies an extreme idealism intimately grotesque. Sancho is a character who develops along the novel. At first, he is the rational character and Don Quixote is crazy, but finally it is to the co ntrary and Sancho goes crazy. And Joseph also develops. At first, he seems like a ridiculous character and without personality, but along the novel he leaves of being the parody of Pamela and he turns into a character with personality and own identity who matures and starts to realized of the reality that is around them.At the end, he turns into a character which has a more realistic vision of the world. In Tom Jones, the main character with the aforesaid(prenominal) name is the version of Don Quixote and he has the services of his own Sancho Panza who is represented in the character of Partridge, the ex-teacher of the school, victim of the destiny, who, as Tom Jones, has been exiled because of a crime which he did not commit. Of course, the humor is present along the novel and it is one of the bases of it.There are characters really hilarious such as Partridge, the servant of Tom Jones, (as it has been already said, the Sancho Panza of Tom Jones). He is always making Tom losing t he patience with his plenty of verbosity and his never ending Latin cites. Another example is the Mr. Western, Sophias father, a tangled of bad manners, little drunk and fan of the hunting, who is responsible of many of the funniest scenes of the novel. The ability of Fielding for the satire never ends. He satirizes all the social classes, they all come off badly and there is not any character hich is not satirized. Tom Jones is a novel really modern. Fielding knew how to represent the double honorable of the human beings, the inevitable tendency to the contradiction and the debility about the temptation the heroes of this story give in to reprehensible impulses (at least from the point of view of the moral of that period), and their behavior is not always as people could expect. Fielding shows the inconstancy of the soul through the funny adventures, but with a background of clever satire far from negligible.Moreover, the fact that the women of this story are the model of behavio r and being judged with a very advance look is very relevant. The tutor of Tom, Mr. Allworthy (whose last name shows how he is), put wisely in balance the behavior of the youngs mother, whom he accuses of have a baby without husband additionally, he convinces Sophias father to allow her daughter of getting married with the person who she believes is the best. The aunt of Sophia faces his brother to defend the social position of the woman as a division of the society, with the same rights and duties as men.It is vital to appreciate the limited role that Fielding gives to burlesque he is attempting to describe the real nature of comedy, just as Joseph Andrews will attempt to discover the real nature of everyone and everything. In linking himself with Hogarth, the comic history painter whose works are in the exactest copying of nature, Fielding presents an argument by and by echoed by Henry James The only reason for the existence of a novel is that it does attempt to represent life.W hen it relinquishes this attempt, the same attempt that we see on the public opinion poll of the painter, it will have arrived at a very strange pass (The Art of Fiction, 1884). (Cliffnotes) 3. CONCLUSION In summary, as it has been shown in this essay, Tom Jones and Joseph Andrews have many similarities. Fielding reproduces the same moral and virtuous style in both of them. He makes the main characters with similar personalities such as Tom Jones and Joseph Andrews, or Sophia Western and Fanny.In the style, the reader can see how Fielding tried to recreate in his novels (a part of the influence of the classical literature such as The Odyssey), the influence of Cervantes Don Quixote, and the introduction of the picaresque in his novels. At first, it was believed that Joseph Andrews was inspired in Don Quixote, but the fact is that Tom Jones has a lot of that picaresque and the role plays of the main characters as Don Quixote and Sancho Panza. And of course, in both of them, the read er can find lots of moral and satire.In addition to the fact that Joseph Andrews started as a parody of Pamela, it became as an independent novel and finally it was a novel with personality and different stories. It became in a critic, a satire of the social classes and the society in global of his time, as Tom Jones, which was considered as an historical novel, but not because of the references to the History, but to the creation of histories between the characters and the similarities between them and the reality. 4. WORKS CITED Bissel, Frederick Olds.Fieldings Theory of the Novel. New York Cooper self-coloured Publishers Inc. , 1933. Print. Compton, Neil. Henry Fielding Tom Jones. A Casebook. Macmillan, 1970. Print. Inserni, . Primary Characters. The History of Tom Jones Analysis of Characters. Blogger, 13 Sep 2011. Web. Web. 21 frustrate. 2013. Johnson, Maurice. Fieldings Art of Fiction. Eleven Essays on Shamela, Joseph Andrews, Tom Jones and Amelia. Pennsylvania University o f Pennsylvania Press, 1969. Print. Joseph Andrews by Henry Fielding. Cliffnotes.John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. Web. 21 baby 2013. The Moral Basis of Fieldings Art. A Study of Joseph Andrews. Middletown Wesleyan University Press, 1959. Print. Tom Jones (Novela). Wikipedia. La Enciclopedia Libre. Wikipedia Commons, 12 Mar 2013. Web. 21 Mar 2013. Varey, Simon. Joseph Andrews. A Satire of Modern Times. G. K. Hall Co. , 1990. Print. Withington, Keri. Character analysis Joseph Andrews, by Henry Fielding. Helium. Where Knowledge Rules. Helium Inc. , 05 May 2007. Web. 21 Mar 2013.

Value of Codeswitching in an Interaction

MZUZU UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF LANGUAGES AND LITERATURE TO MR NTHALA FROM ELEANOR MACHESO (BAE/2A/53/09) COURSE CODE EEN 4703 COURSE TITLE LANGUAGE CONTACT AND BILINGUALISM QUSTION apologise THE VALUE OF CODE SWITCHING AMONG BILINGUALS IN TRANSACTION DUE DATE 6th MAY 2013 In linguistics, economy work shift is changing between ii or more(prenominal) than languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation. Multilinguals sometimes use elements of multiple languages in conversing with each other.Thus, code-s becharm is the use of more than one linguistic variety in a manner consistent with the syntax and phonology of each variety. According to Weinreich (1953), in the 1940s and 1950s, many scholars considered code-switching to be a sub-standard use of language. Since the 1980s, however, most scholars have recognised it is a normal, natural product of bilingual and multilingual language use. With this recognition in mind, Muysken (2005 ), states that switching is non an isolated phenomenon but rather a central part of bilingual discourse.With regards to this view, this essay will examine the regard as of code switching among bilinguals in transaction. thither argon a number of different reasons why people code switch and thus code switching holds value for bilinguals. Firstly, during a transaction, code switching is of value because it can be used by bilinguals to show identity with a group. For example, (Di Pietro,1977) reports that Italian immigrants would tell a joke in English and overstep the punch line in Italian, not only because it is better said in Italian but also to stress the fact that they all conk to the same minority group, with shared values and experiences.Very often, people code switch both consciously and unconsciously to act or talk more ilk those around them. Code switching therefore allows the establishment of rapport among bilinguals involved in a transaction. With this rapport establis hed it becomes easy for bilinguals to participate in a transaction easily. Secondly, during a transaction, code switching is of great semantic deduction. Gumperz (1982), stresses that switching at a particular moment conveys semantically significant information. It is a communicatory resource that builds on participants perception of two languages.Lexical choice conveys meaning during code switching. Gal (1979) reinforced this view by stating that listeners interpret codes witching as an indicator of the speakers attitude, or communicative intents and emotions as code switching is a tool for conveying appropriate linguistic and social information. By the same token, David (2003) describes a range of speech acts like reprimands, directives, requests, and warnings that are conveyed by using different intricate strategies to show the semantic significance in certain specific situations.Another reason why code switching is of great value to bilinguals is that, it can be used when ther e is the need of making a point, that is, to emphasize or highlight the significance of a given word or topic in the speech event. These reasons may bear pedagogic significance because in many cases it is the use of emphasis or the intent of assigning importance to a word or a topic that directly correlates with the finale of a respondents knowledge about a given topic and his or her choice of language.For example Gal (1979) reports several instances in which code switching at the end of an argument not only helps to end the interaction but may also serve to emphasize a point. She has taken an example from English-German code switching and stressed that switching from English to German is a means of adding more force to the final statement. Lastly, code switching has the value of communicating the mood of a speaker during a transaction. According to Malik (1994), usually when bilinguals are for example tired or angry, code switching takes place with a new dimension.This means that , when the speaker is in the right state of mind, he or she can find the appropriate word or expression in the install language. Very often he or she knows exactly the word in both the languages that he or she is competent in but the base language may be more available at the point of time when the speaker has a disturbed mind. Such circumstances may defecate a hurdle in getting the appropriate word or phrase in the language in which the speaker may be more proficient if he or she is not mentally agitated.For example a bilingual competent in Tumbuka (base language) and Sena may use Tumbuka expressions more than Sena when he or she is angry. It can therefore be concluded that there are many values of code switching in particular social contexts. The ability of the interlocutors who are able to speak more than one language fluently plays an important role during their interaction. This essay has shown that the ability of bilinguals to use more than one language in a transaction is o f certain value to the speakers BIBLIOGRAPHY David, M. K. (2003). The Pakistani Community in Machang, Kelantan Reasons for Language Shift.International Journal of the Sociology of Language, 161, pp47-53. Di Pietro, R. (1977). Codes witching as a Verbal Strategy Among Bilinguals. Washington, DC Hemisphere Gal, S. (1979). Language Shift Social Determinants of Linguistic Change in Bilingual Austria. New York Academic Gumperz, J. J. (1982). Conversational Code switching in word Strategies. Cambridge, England Cambridge University Press. Malik, L. (1994). Sociolinguistics A Study of Code switching. New Delhi Anmol. Weinreich, U. (1953). Languages in Contact. The Hague Mouton

Explain how the following link to your practice Essay

BullyingIn my work score there is an anti bullying policy in place as well all the squirtren and staffs ar educated on bullying and how it can affect people differently. The discipline also takes bullying very seriously and either accusations are dealt with straight away.Cyber bullyingIn my work place we have an cyber bullying policy also we educate the children and the staff on signs to watch by for and how to prevent it from happening also what to do if it does happen to you. The school also has posters in the ict room ab pop bullying and where you can get help from. The school also send out leaflets so the parents can read them and educate themselves.RewardsAt my work they are different rewards for different year groups and tasks. Some mutilate the reward systems are star chart, this is mainly used on a 1-1 basis to help the child concentrate on the tasks set for them. Cloud and rainbow this is a whole class reward as it is not just focused on one child, if a child is be having well they can go on the rainbow but if the child is not completing a task they will go on a cloud. There is also house points when a child is doing well they will get a point for their team and at the end of the week the points are added up throughout school and the team with the virtually points are moved along in the race. The team at the end of the year who wins the race will get a reward each.SanctionsThere are different sanctions depending on the severity of the situation. one(a) of the main sanctions is that if you are told more than once about something your name will go on the bored and if you facilitate continue to misbehaving you will get a tick against your name, three ticks and you will spend playtime and dinner time in class doing extra work. usurpation on personal factorsThis all depends on the situation for exampleA child could be going through bereavement and they may act out e.g anger,lashing out, withdrawn. If the school knows about an incident occurring they will take the child to one side and explain what has happened and how they might feel but that they can unceasingly talk to them if needed.Managing pupil behaviourThey are different methods when dealing with pupil behaviour depending on the situation. If the child has special needs they may be behaving differently due to confusion or anger. Two of the methods that are used most in my school are setting up a 1-1 support and also have a reward chart.InclusionIn my work place we try and treat everyone with respect and try and involve everyone no matter what. One of the ways we do this is buy changing the lesson plan so it can fit to the needs of the individual also if there is any other additive equipment needed such as a chair cushion it will be provided.TrainingTraining is provided to all members off staff. If there is any additional training that is needed it will be provided such as first aid and food hygiene.