Child Prostitution As An Illegal Act - 2029 Words

Across the world each day, there are hundreds of cases of children unwillingly partaking in prostitution. In 2002, research by Willis and Levy stated, Child Prostitution involves offering the sexual services of a child or inducing a child to perform sexual acts for any form of compensation, financial or otherwise. (Willis Levy 2002) Children who encounter such sexual activities under the age of eighteen are considered children, and is seen as illegal. Individuals who are older than eighteen are no longer a child in the government s eyes. For the past decade, or so, the world has done their best to look at childhood prostitution as an illegal act-- shutting down facilities and speaking up for children whose voices are not always heard. Through prostitution, trafficking, and the black market of trade have been of recent concern for all parties due to the illegal acts of using, selling, and purchasing children. The new millennial has brought forth many issues with these particular mean s because of the unforeseen futures of these innocent children. Throughout the years the number of children that have been harmfully touched or talked to in a damaging way has increased drastically. Willis and Levy stated in an article that, â€Å"an estimated 1 million children are forced into prostitution every year and the total number of prostituted children could be as high as 10 million.† (Willis Levy 2002) This number is growing each year and we, as Americans, are the only way to fixShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution Of New Orleans1453 Words   |  6 Pagesforty-nine, the whores in fifty-one; and when they got together they produced the native son.† This sheds some light as to how long prostitution has been a part of America. Prostitution dates back to the beginning of colonization in the United States, but wasn’t considered a legal act. At the time the laws just didn’t acknowledge what a prostitute or the act of prostitution itself was. In 1721, the French government shipped eighty women to the colony of New Orleans that housed seven hundred men to promoteRead MoreSex, Prostitution, And The Production Of Sex Toys Essay1687 Words   |  7 PagesSex work, consisting of prostitution and the production of sex toys, has been implemented in the United States since the 18th century. Through red-light districts, street prostitution, escort or out-call prostitution, brothel prostitution, and child prostitution, prostitution still thrives in the United States despite legality. Sex toys has become increasingly more available on shelves but still primarily stay in the e-commerce realm. Sex work has struggled to stay in the United States becauseRead MoreProstitution Should Be Illegal in Canada Essay1583 Words   |  7 Pagespossibilities of illegal activities inside the world of prostitution. From reading the newspapers to hearing it on the television, we know nothing good ever comes out of prostitution because of the exposure to the risky businesses and dangerous people. Prostitutes engages in a number of dangerous harmful activities such as taking drugs, rape, emotional and physical abuse, and the worst case scenario is death. In this thesis paper, I’ll be discussing the main points and arguments as to why prostitution shouldRead MoreThe Social Stance Of Prostitution1323 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution is the selling of one’s body in exchange for money, and it is the oldest occupation in the world, beginning in the early society of Mesopotamia (Fanni, 2014). Prostitutes were seen as inhumane and disease ridden since in the early 1980’s, when prostitution was most prevalent, there was an increase of HIV/AIDS because of the transferring of disease from prostitutes to their clients (Carrasquillo, 2014). Although there is such a negative perception of prostitution, it is a source of continuousRead MoreProstitution As A Form Of Sexual Abuse899 Words   |  4 PagesProstitution can have the meaning of, â€Å"engaging in sexual acts or activities for the exchange of money or goods†, this can also be a form of sexual abuse. Prostitution status for the countries shown for the â€Å" number of countries prostitution is illegal: 109, number of countries prostitution is restricted: 11, number of countries prostitution is legal: 77, number of countries with no laws for prostitution: 5.† Prostitution is illegal in all states in the US except for 11 counties in Nevada. The MannRead MoreShould Prostitution Be A Victimless Crime?1506 Words   |  7 PagesThe act of prostitution has been a leading topic of moral and legislative debate for centuries. Sometimes referred to as the ‘world’s oldest profession’ because it dates back to around 2400 B.C., prostitution is the practice of exchanging, selling or trading of sexual acts for payment. Although this service is forbidden amongst the world more often than it is not, the debate of its legalization has remained a heated issue (ProQuest Staff).The legalization of prostitution and whether or not prostitutionRead MoreIs Prostitution A Crime?968 Words   |  4 PagesWhat Is Prostitution? Prostitution is where people engage in a sexual activity with someone else for money. The whole subject of prostitution is full of ambiguities and hypocrisies; we generally think of the transfer of money as the element that makes prostitution a crime although money plays a subtle part in all sorts of sexual relationships. We define prostitution as systematic sexual violence and oppression against women and girls. The definition of prostitution includes not only the exchangeRead MoreProstitution And Deviance : Examination Of Theories Amongst Positivist And Constructionist Perspectives Within Society1604 Words   |  7 PagesProstitution and Deviance: Examination of Theories Amongst Positivist and Constructionist Perspectives Within Society Deviance is behavior, beliefs or characteristics that many people in a society find or would find offensive and which excite, upon discovery, disapproval, punishment, condemnation, or hostility (Goode, 2011 p. 3). Most scientists will agree that a person s most basic needs, physiologically, are breathing, food, water, sleep, and sex. If all of these are the most basic to humanRead MoreConsent Is A Vital Part Of Human Socialization1593 Words   |  7 Pagescrime. (Dempsey, 2013) There are two sides to every jail cell, meaning that the question â€Å"Does victimless crime exist?† has contrary answers depending on who’s answering. This paper’s assertion is in support of the present factor of victimhood for an act to be considered a crime. In Crime and Morality by Hans Boutellier, it is explained that â€Å"[Bedau (1974)] wonders whether there really is such a thing as victimless crime. ‘If there are crimes which are truly victimless, for what reason did they becomeRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1371 Words   |  6 PagesPrositution in the U.S For my paper I chose the topic â€Å"Prostitution In the U.S† I picked this topic because I feel as if there’s a lot to discuss about the subject itself. Prostitution in my eyes, should be illegal in all parts of America. I feel as if the crime itself is degrading not only to women, but the families of those involved that choose to commit these acts. My personal opinion, going more into detail is that I grew up viewing sex as a sacred act between two people that love and care about eachother

People s Life Experiences Make Them Who They Are - 991 Words

People’s life experiences make them who they are in life. These events, teach individuals how to appropriately act with somebody of a different race, as well as demonstrated all the diverse types of people there are in the world. As a child, I came across numerous boys and girls, of various hair hues and skin tones, at spots where children congregate. It did not seem to matter at the time what the person looked like on the outside, all I perceived was a new child to play with and someone to call a friend. It is inspiring to me, that children, more often than not, are blind to racial differences. Sadly, as people grow older they start to become aware of others racial dissimilarities. The first time I knowingly encountered someone of a different race than myself was in August of 1999. It was my first year of school, and one of my classmates looked different than the rest of the children. His name was Peter and he was a 5-year-old black boy. It was also in 1999, that I first experienced an incident were being prejudice was an issue. To better elaborate, a few weeks into the school year, Peter and I started to become friends. We sat together fairly often at lunch. One day, I was invited to sit at lunch with the more popular classmates. It is no surprise that children of all ages can be cruel, and it is so easy for a child to be influenced by a group of kids that are observed to be the popular crowd. Sadly, that is what happened to me. These other children informed me thatShow MoreRelatedWhat Does You Do You?1657 Words   |  7 Pagesso new that they can redefine one s thoughts and outlook on life. One goes through years of this as their journey through life continu es on, with each new experience adding to the ever growing and ever changing matrix that is one s identity. Many times, one points to things they enjoy or who one proclaims he or she is as their identity. However, it is not one s words or list of likes that actually crafts who one is. Interactions with others, the experiences gained from those reactions, and theRead MoreWhat Does Life Mean?1127 Words   |  5 PagesWhat does life mean to us? Each day we wake up, do our daily routine, sleep, and then repeat. What if one day we are shown that our world, and the life that we have been living, is not real. What meaning would our lives have then? Would we say that we lived a good life? Or would we say that we have not yet lived at all? On the other hand, what if we are presented with option of living a simulated life? We could have the option of being and doing whoever and whatever we want. And once we are in theRead MoreStudy Abroad : A Waste Of Time1500 Words   |  6 PagesStudy Abr oad, a waste of time. I think not! Is Study Abroad a waste of time or an exciting experience? I say that it s a great thing and for the right people it’s not a waste. Williamson in â€Å"Study Abroad: Revenue Drain or Stream† for the Chronicle states, â€Å" many higher-education institutions and others have found ways to generate revenue from study-abroad ventures. The World Bank estimates that $300-billion is spent each year on global higher education†¦Ã¢â‚¬ What Williamson really means is that sinceRead MoreThis Is What It Means For Say Phoenix, Arizona Essay1691 Words   |  7 PagesSay Phoenix, Arizona by Sherman Alexie, two men embark on a journey that improves their lives spiritually and allows them to claim the closure that they are both seeking. Although the author s main purpose is to share a story about a man s journey to find peace, he is also able to incorporate many important issues such as the disparity between life on the reservation and life in other parts of the United States. T hrough imagery and the author’s well written narrative, it is very easy to detectRead MoreThe Prevalence Of Homelessness And Homelessness1699 Words   |  7 Pagesaddress the values that people who are homeless may have, according to what each artist conveys through their song lyrics. Throughout the lyrics in each song, it seems like the artists are attempting to communicate to the public that homelessness is a serious issue that nobody is immune to. The values that I have gathered are bravery, hope, and perseverance. I have chosen this topic because over half a million people are homeless, the government has limited resources to help those who are homeless, andRead MoreMarxist Literary Analysis1129 Words   |  5 PagesBrien s The Things They Carried concerns the relationship between fiction and the narrator. In this novel, O Brien himself is the main character--he is a Vietnam veteran recounting his experiences during the war, as well as a writer who is examining the mechanics behind writing stories. These two aspects of the novel are juxtaposed to produce a work of literature that comments not only upon the war, but also upon the actual art of fiction: the means of storytelling, the purposes behind them, andRead MoreGreat Expectations By Charles Dickens1163 Words   |  5 Pagesthere are select individuals who I hope to impress or make proud. In the future I want to make someone in one of the group s proud to know me. Each action or decision I make is influenced by these people. Matters of se riousness, as well little trifles are constantly being affected by the looming authority of â€Å"my elders†. Will my grandma think these shorts are too short? In Great Expectations by Charles Dickens, all the characters are influenced by the surrounding people. Their decisions and actionsRead MoreBook Report (the Perks of Being a Wallflower)1016 Words   |  5 Pageswhat most didn t and didn t judge anyone for who they are or what they were like; on the contrary, he actually thought about and sometimes asked why they decided to be that way, and there was nothing more to it. Through out the book, entirely composed of letters to an unnamed friend, he explains how he met eccentric people, like Sam and her step-brother Patrick; two kids a few years older than the at the time freshman Charlie. Sam was Charlie s first love in the story, he described her as havingRead MoreNotes On Sources Of Power1007 Words   |  5 Pagesin my Life Experience is a key to knowledge. It is a type of power one can simply acquire by observing, encountering, or either undergoing an event. It is a type of power that I have used throughout my life. Expert power. The process of experiencing is when one obtains a skill or a piece of knowledge from an event in their life which can later be utilized in their life. As we gain experience, we become experts in a specific role to which we can help others meet their goals. Experience doesnRead More Home-Schooling Essay882 Words   |  4 PagesHome-Schooling Whether or not to home-school your children is a controversial issue for thousands of parents every year. Do you want to let your children go out on their own or keep them safe at home where you can monitor their development? Many parents choose to home-school their children and there are plenty of arguments for and against this decision. When it all comes down to it the decision will be based on the socio-economic status of the family, as to whether they can afford

Quality Management Inside and Outside †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Quality Management Inside and Outside. Answer: Introduction: The project main deliverable is to meet all the requirements of renovation of the restaurant, which will entail the expansion of the sitting area, the kitchen and the staff. These are the requirements of the stated owner and the deliver complete restaurant with all the required infrastructure to build and then later to operate it (AlMaian, Needy, Walsh and Alves, 2015). The project deliverable is going to be split up into several major task deliverable to be able to make certain that there may be client fulfilment when it comes to the project and also could know when there is any specific change request which relates to construction of the restaurant. These deliverable are as follows; Planning phase Permits and the licenses Design and the construction of the restaurant Walk through and sign off by the sponsor In this phase it will entail the evaluation of the potential architects as well as the sub-contractors. It will entail developing several programs to be able to assist guide the staff by means of the execution in addition to the closure phases of the project (AlMaian, Needy, Walsh and Alves, 2015). The plan that happen to be developed in this phases would assist one to manage on the time, the cost, quality, threat, changeas well as the issues. The evaluation of the potential architects as well as the sub-contractors of the project will be done up to 31/8/2017. The permits and the licenses This involves obtaining of the relevant licenses as well as the approvals from the government. In any construction such as renovation there is need to have the appropriate permits in order to commence on the construction (Fewings, 2013). These permits and the approval from the relevant bodies will ascertain that the restaurant will be renovated and the places of renovation will clearly be highlighted. It will be the work of the contractor to maintain all the applicable local, federal licenses along with the permits that should relate to the renovation of the undertaking. The appropriate permits will likely be outlined, explained and replicates of the documents shall be placed on the appendices of the plan (Fewings, 2013). The licenses and the permits will be approved by 16/9/2017, to enable the project to move forward. The client want to have a distinct, often nostalgic architectural style from the architectures who have been consulted and hired to do the design. The design will focus on the renovation of the restaurant on the expansion of the sitting area, the kitchen as well as the staff. After the design have been done there would be the commencement of the construction of the restaurant. The design and the construction is expected to last within a period of 5 months up to 01/1/2018. Walk through and sign off by the sponsor In any project especially in construction more often has sponsor who funds on the projects. These individuals invest some of their money on to the project for the long run benefit it would bring. In this project it has various sponsor who are part of the team and they will need to sign off to enable the commencement of the project (Lock, 2012). This process will be done by 30/9/2017, the clients will pass through the project and sign document and the project will begin. The scope of the project will be limited to the renovation of the restaurant facility to the required standards as envisioned by the client (Lock, 2012). The renovation is supposed to meet the quality standards expectation as well as the requirements of the design. The scope of the design will include the following; These are the permits and the licenses which will apply to the renovation of the project. These approvals will be listed, as well as described. The contractor will maintain these requirements This project tend to focus on the renovation of the restaurant, on the expansion of the sitting area, the kitchen and the staff. This renovation will enable a smooth running and transition of the restaurant. In this project keeping of all the expenses in the mind has been considered and the appropriate approximate been drafted. This was according to the contractor of the project who gave the projections and the estimate on what the project will need. The project review will offer an excellent opportunity for exploring on the potential risks as well as the opportunities and hence contribute towards a successful execution of the projects. The project manager will review on the basic conditions and the presumptions and these are evaluate against the framework of the project (Lock, 2012). This is a tool they use in order to ensure that the project has been in line with the overall project framework such as the budget, and the time schedule. Control and the quality assurance The quality assurance and the control are the executing process which are concerned with the overall process improvements in order to ensure that each time a deliverable has been produced there is no error. If the quality of the processes as well as the activities are improved, the quality should improve along with the overall reduction of the cost (Lock, 2012). These process will be achieved through sitting down with the project manager on regular basis and ask about the delivery of the project. It is important to understand that during the contract the clients mentioned that the renovation of the restaurant should be constructed in a manner that it could fulfil on the basic reason to build this luxurious (Richmond, Kielhauser, Kielhauser, Adey and Adey, 2016). Therefore, the design of the building for the renovation should be based on the design of the subcontractor. In this project it has a set of the deliverables, a budget as well as closure time. These are typically agreed upon the requirements along with the tasks to complete before the close of the project. These will certainly constitute the scope of the project (Fewings, 2013). In almost any variation of the scope of the task it could influence on the schedule, budget coupled with the success of the project. The scoping is the separation which exists between what seemed to be contained in and what precisely will be excluded from the project (Mok, Shen and Yang, 2015). The scope creed might occur whenever the line continues to be moved, possibly outwards. Consequently, what happened earlier excluded could be integrated back, therefore making the project to be larger. The scope creep may be described by means of adding of the feature along with the functionality without dealing with on the influence on the time, resource, along with the costs or maybe the approval of the client (Sears, Cloug h, Rounds and Segner, 2015). This trend might occur when the scope of this project has not already been defined, or perhaps documented well. It is an adverse experience that need to be prevented (Mok, Shen and Yang, 2015). The scope creed may originate either from the implementing poorly of the changes control, there could be incomplete gathering of the requirement even before the project execution occurred. Other causes may be the lack of the support from the executive sponsor, and inadequate involvement of the critical stakeholders. There are a number of ways in which the scope creep could be managed to make the project more effective. One way would be the involvement of the customer or perhaps the end user at the early stages of the project. Another way would be through analysis and gathering of all the requirements during the initial stages of the project. It is important to gather on these requirement before the commencement of the renovation project on the restaurant (Krn, Krn, Junnonen and Junnonen, 2016.). Moreover, it is always important to involve the critical stakeholders all through the phases of the project, particularly during the planning stages. This way the stakeholders would be enlightened on the progress of the project. It is important to note that in the extreme cases, stopping the project is essential so that the new additional requirement are scoped well as well as integration rather than the tacked on. The variation is the changes to the works, the timescale to which the works are completed and the order to which they are completed. The variation can be managed in various ways such as planning in advance. The variations clauses needs to be incorporated, even if the communication might be informal or even conducted socially (Mok, Shen and Yang, 2015). The potential problems do differ from one task to an additional, along with the standards forms cover numerous situations. You will discover areas wherein variation might arise. You will need to check on the figures as much as possible (Walker, 2015). It could be challenging to monitor on the progress of this project on daily basis, but there is however a timeframe that the cost of the variations might take place. These variations can become much obvious towards the end of the job in case they are not handled well. It is necessary to know about the variation when it comes to construction of the project as they happen (Fewings, 2013). N evertheless, it is important to be prepared for the late costs. The late cost may be sting when it comes to many constructions project, and if they are not identified and managed they could eliminate profitability which result to the job completed at the cost or perhaps at a loss. References AlMaian, R.Y., Needy, K.L., Walsh, K.D. and Alves, T.D.C., 2015. Supplier quality management inside and outside the construction industry. Engineering Management Journal, 27(1), pp.11-22. Fewings, P., 2013. Construction project management: an integrated approach. Routledge. Krn, S., Krn, S., Junnonen, J.M. and Junnonen, J.M., 2016. Benchmarking construction industry, company and project performance by participants evaluation. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 23(7), pp.2092-2108. Lock, M.D., 2012. Project Management in Construction. Gower Publishing, Ltd. Mok, K.Y., Shen, G.Q. and Yang, J., 2015. Stakeholder management studies in mega construction projects: A review and future directions. International Journal of Project Management, 33(2), pp.446-457. Richmond, C.M., Richmond, C.M., Kielhauser, C., Kielhauser, C., Adey, B.T. and Adey, B.T., 2016. Performance measures for road managers facing diverse environments. Benchmarking: An International Journal, 23(7), pp.1876-1891. Sears, S.K., Sears, G.A., Clough, R.H., Rounds, J.L. and Segner, R.O., 2015. Construction project management. John Wiley Sons. Walker, A., 2015. Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons.

The Laser Essays - Laser, Photonics, Laser Medicine, Fiber Laser

The Laser The laser is one of the most advanced tools we have in our civilization. Lasers are powerful enough to cut through a thick piece of steel, yet can be used in medical surgery. Lasers are used in the army, not for guns, for range finding and a whole lot more. Most people don't know where the idea of the laser came from. The idea for the laser came from a machine called a maser. The maser was a tool that was able to strengthen, or amplify radio and light waves. The first laser was made in California in 1960. It was built by Theodore Maiman and a group of American scientists. The material they used for a concentrator was a man- made ruby. It was done by coiling a simple flash tube around a rod, and beaming powerful flashes of light at it. The result was pulses of red laser light. Once they made the device they had to name it. They had think of some word or words to described it. They came up with Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Using the first letter of each main word they named it laser. The laser had everyone excited. The laser was put through many tests and experiments to see what it could do to help modern civilization. At first there weren't many uses for the laser. Then in the 1970's it became very important. It was finally being used in everyday life. As years went on the uses grew in number. Today lasers were being used in a variety of ways. This includes entertainment, military, communication, businesses, measurement, cutting, and more. Measurement: Lasers have become an important part of measurement. A laser is the fastest way to measure long distances. This use can be applied in construction work and astronomy. Cutting: A laser is also great for cutting objects. It can get to those hard to reach places by the use of mirrors to bend the beam of light. It also is strong enough to cut through solid steel. A laser never damages the surface of the object because it never touches it. Lasers have been used in both large and small surgical procedures. It is used by jewelers to cut diamonds, gold, silver, platinum, ect. It is also used in corporations in which cutting metal or fine cutting is involved. Communication: The way the laser is used in the field of communication is through fiber optics. Fiber optics are glass rods in which a laser is shot through the rod, making pulses which are then changed into sound. Entertainment: Lasers can also be used to entertain. They are used in rock concerts or alone as part of a show. Another form of entertainment that is made possible by the laser is the hologram. At first holograms could only be made with a lasers. Now we can make them with ordinary white light. Lasers also are used in art. Different color lasers are projected on a wall yielding a two dimensional hologram in which you can draw. Another use in the entertainment field is the Compact Disc. The CD uses lasers like fibre optics, that changes laser light into sound. Businesses: The way businesses use lasers are in mass production. They use lasers to weld things together or to put holes or cuts into things. They also use laser scanners to check items. In a supermarket laser scanners are used to price items. Lasers also are used to protect businesses by placing laser sensors in security systems. Military: Lasers play a very important role in the military. Unlike what is seen in science fiction movies where a laser gun could be used as a hand weapon, using today's technology lasers that powerful would have to be as big as the great pyramids in Egypt. Instead, we use them for range-finding devices or guiding weapons or missiles. An example of a range finding device is a special kind of binoculars that sends out a laser beam and then reads the laser beam that bounces back to know far they are away. A laser guided missile is used in fighter planes so they almost never miss their targets. Laser research is moving to making lasers even more powerful. Hopefully these more powerful lasers can be used to stop missile attacks. The trade off for all the good things that lasers can do is the fact that they can be applied to weapons of war. Their use in medicine, communications and other areas out weighs the potential

The Issue of Blood Diamonds free essay sample

Thomas Mr. Butler amp; Ms. Flath 4A English I, 4B World Geography 6 February 2013 The Issue of Blood Diamonds What is the cause of major rebellions, riots, and coups in Africa? The blood diamond trade is one of the strongest illegal trades in Africa, which has been fueling conflict for approximately three decades. The primary purpose of blood diamond trading contributes to funding armed conflicts for guerrilla and militant forces. The diamonds are illegally mined in a conflict zone, which is then used by guerrilla forces to fight and rebel against government forces, the effect of which can be seen throughout most conflict-ridden nations of Africa. These precious stones saw a major use during the post-Cold War era, which funded for many conflicts in Africa. The blood diamond trade is the perfect example of natural resources in Africa being used for corrupt actions, trades, and conflict that must be prevented to save lives. We will write a custom essay sample on The Issue of Blood Diamonds or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page International attention must be sought and more jurisdictions should be taken into action. The issue of blood diamonds must be taken seriously before more innocent blood is shed and lives are lost, as in the past. Many countries that are notoriously affected with the issue of the blood diamond trade are Sierra Leone, Liberia, the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly known as Zaire), Zimbabwe, the Republic of Congo, and Cote d’Ivoire (Armstrong). In the early 1980’s, the early forms of the blood diamond trade began to surface in these nations. However major campaigns of the blood diamond trade began in the 1990’s, especially after the end of the Cold War era (Armstrong). Mining conditions were poor as workers earned around seven cents a day, but they were willing to work through these horrible conditions as they hoped for a better life by mining for blood diamonds, which would be a quick way to prosper and help their family (Armstrong). One excellent example of blood diamonds contributing towards a civil conflict can be seen in the nation of Liberia during the Liberian Civil War between 1983-2003 (Doyle). The UN and global community accused the Liberian president Charles G. Taylor of supporting, training, and distributing weapons to insurgents of Sierra Leone in exchange for diamonds (Brown). Liberia was also accused of supplying blood diamonds to al-Qaeda, as this was the root cause of the bombing of U. S. embassies in 1998. The U. N. retaliated by applying sanctions during 2001. This act prevented Liberia from trading conflict diamonds with Sierra Leone as it caused turmoil (Brown). After the conflicts in Liberia, the nation is now a member of the Kimberley Certification Process as it has constructed a legitimate mining industry to ensure a clean diamond trade (Global Policy Forum) A second example of blood diamonds contributing towards conflict can be seen in the nation of Cote d’Ivoire (Reuters). A civil conflict in Cote d’Ivoire overthrew the central government of the country by a coup, causing a major civil war in the country (Reuters). It was soon discovered that blood diamonds were the root cause of the coup and the civil war in Cote d’Ivoire because the nation became a major blood diamond exporter and trading center along with Liberia (Brown). The U. N. retaliated to the conflict by ordering sanctions on all diamond mining and trading in the nation of Cote d’Ivoire to prevent further blood diamond trading and civil war. Sanctions on Cote d’Ivoire was lifted at the end of 2003 as the Kimberley Certification Process came into affect in Cote d’Ivoire. The nation of Sierra Leone was known to be the most notorious for the blood diamond trade (Brown). The issue of blood diamonds was discovered in Sierra Leone in 1991. Conflict began in 1991, when Revolutionary United Forces (R. U. F. ) crossed over from the Liberia-Sierra Leone border and attacked towns and villages in northern and eastern Sierra Leone (Hirsch, Questia). A year later in 1992, the same rebel force attacked and seized the diamond capital of Sierra Leone, the city of Kono (Brown). The N. P. R. F (National Provisioning Ruling Forces) attempted to restore law and order and stabilize the conflict-ridden area of Sierra Leone. This resulted in a major war against R. U. F and N. P. R. F belligerents (Brown). The N. P. R. F launched Operation Genesis to drive out the R. U. F. rebels. The operation carried out by the N. P. R. F to drive out the R. U. F rebels would prove to be a failure (Brown). The rebels decided to strike again during the Sierra Leonean election of 1996. R. U. F. rebels intimated voters by threatening to amputate civilians hands and legs in order to gain control of the diamond mines for illegal trades through politics (Global Post). Despite these brutal actions, the R. U. F was invited to partake in elections and, in doing so, they eventually became a political party through a forced peace agreement (Global Post). In July 1999, violence increased in Sierra Leone due to increased blood diamond trade. Sierra Leone was forced to sign a peace treaty with R. U. F. ebels by bringing them into the Sierra Leonean government and assigning many cabinet positions to them (Brown). Not wanting to rebuild the nation of Sierra Leone, the R. U. F. took advantage of the peace treaty by regaining control of diamond mines in the Kono district and the Tongo Field. Due to the actions of the R. U. F. , many innocent lives were killed, as no international intervention was presen t during this time (Brown). In 2001, exactly ten years after the civil war in Sierra Leone began, the United Nations decided to intervene in Sierra Leone. The sanctions enforced by the U. N. erent effective at all, making many nations to assume that the United Nations was lenient about this issue. Not until a year later in 2002 did the U. N. properly intervene in Sierra Leone by sending a 17,000 peacekeeping force into the conflict-torn nation to properly supervise the disarmament and the abdication of power by the R. U. F. The war in Sierra Leone would gain majority of international attention when Unasmil forces under the U. N. were denied access to investigate the R. U. F. held diamond mines, in the Tongo field and Kono district. The war ended in March 2003 while several R. U. F. members were held for many civil atrocities and war crimes (Brown). This incident would be the third time that the U. N. turned a blind eye on an issue that resulted in a serious matter. In addition, the U. N. also overlooked the genocides that occurred in Rwanda and Sudan, which began through minor conflicts. Due to the international communitys late response and the issue of blood diamonds in Sierra Leone, the U. N. has to ensure that Sierra Leone can govern itself without foreign assistance in the long run. The blood diamond trade in the nation Sierra Leone had a negative impact on Sierra Leone’s economy, politics, trade, and business. The U. N. gave little heed to what was happening in the nation, thus causing the blood diamond trade and the actions of the R. U. F. to weaken the nation of Sierra Leone. Blood diamonds in the Democratic Republic of Congo (formerly known as Zaire) have contributed greatly to its civil wars since the early 1980s (Blank). In the Democratic Republic of Congo, the effect of the illegal trade can be seen in the eastern portion of the nation, as the eastern D. R. C. , is the area that was heavily affected by civil warfare and diamonds. Various atrocities ranging from the violation of human rights to civil wars can be seen through the effects seen today in the D. R. C. (Blank). In the year 2000, the U. S. Campaign for the Elimination of Conflict Diamonds banned the trade of blood diamonds in the D. R. C. and also put in place the Clean Diamonds Trade Act of 2003. This act would prevent any future trade of conflict diamonds through the Kimberly Process Certification System (Blank). In the Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe, the blood diamond trade had come to an end through the Kimberly Process Certification System. This certification system made sure that a nation is not involved in the blood diamond trade (BBC News Africa). The system also makes sure that diamond mines are eligible for domestic and international trade through enforced laws and records. However, minor issues still existed in the diamond mining industry of these two nations. In the Republic of Congo, the Kimberly Certification Process expelled the nation, as many diamond mines had no official diamond industry. The Republic of Congo was expelled as it exported and sold large quantities of diamonds, which was not recorded accurately (BBC News Business). The Kimberly Certification Process accused the Republic of Congo for falsifying the certificates of origin, for exported diamonds. In Zimbabwe, the Marange Diamond Mine was notorious for blood diamond trading and diamond smuggling. However, the World Diamond Council monitored Zimbabwes diamond trade, especially from the Marange Diamond Mine (BBC News Africa). The Kimberly Certification Process issued that Zimbabwe can trade diamonds in the global market in 2010, after international reports and observations declared the mine, conflict free (BBC News Africa). Over the past two decades, several nations have been trying to prevent the blood diamond trade. The United States and Canada, especially, were the two nations that have been working hard in stopping the notorious trade. The United States issued Executive Order 13194, which agreed with U. N. sanctions on the importation and exportation of diamonds from Sierra Leone (U. S. Department of State). On April 25, 2003, President George W. Bush issued the Clean Diamond Act of 2003 (U. S. Department of State). This act banned rough diamond importation from Liberia, as it had been recognized by the United Nations for acting as a supplier of conflict diamonds in Sierra Leone (U. S. Department of State). In the year 2000, the nation of South Africa issued the Kimberly Certification Process on diamond trading. Canada was a strong supporter of this act and has passed laws of its own to prevent the sale and trade of conflict diamonds (Stop Blood Diamonds). Canada passed the Export and Import of Rough Diamonds Act during 2002. This act in Canada supervises the purpose the mined diamonds will be used for, whether foreign or domestic (Stop Blood Diamonds). The Export and Import of Rough Diamonds Act has issued identification numbers and certificates for business and jobs involved in the diamond business, to prevent the sale of conflict diamonds. The Kimberly Certification Process was launched to expose the use of diamonds in civil conflict and to prevent the illegal trade (Kimberley Certification Process, Encyclopedia Britannica). The certification process began as a simple method to find the link on how natural resources, such as diamonds, were related to conflict (Kimberley Certification Process, Encyclopedia Britannica). Since international pressure was mounting in many major diamond-producing nations, a conference in South Africa was established to discuss the prevention of blood diamonds (Global Witness). This meeting started a three-year negotiating conference, which would eventually establish the Kimberley Certification Process (The Official Website of South Africa). The United Nations General Assembly would eventually pass the Kimberley Certification Process to ensure that clean diamond trading is enforced. This act was put in place so that it could also monitor the occurrences of nations contributing to the blood diamond trade (Global Witness). How can the issue of blood diamonds be resolved? Nations such as the United States, Canada, and South Africa have passed clean diamond trading acts to prevent the illegal trades of blood diamonds (Hirsch, Questia). The nation of South Africa passed the Kimberly Certification Process in order to ensure clean diamond trading and business practices in many African nations, including those with conflict-ridden nations such as Sierra Leone, the D. R. C. , Zimbabwe, and Liberia (Worldpress). The United Nations must act now to prevent future conflicts that are related to blood diamonds. In Liberia, the U. N. ordered sanctions on the nation, but they had little effect as blood diamonds found its way into Sierra Leone. The peacekeeping force sent by the U. N. was not able to enforce the newly passed sanctions due to the issue of blood diamonds and its spread to from Liberia to Sierra Leone. This action by the U. N. would be disastrous as many nations accused the organization for â€Å"sympathizing† the nation of Liberia (Worldpress). In Sierra Leone, the U. N. took the issue of blood diamonds lightheartedly, which resulted in as the slaughtering and killing due to the R. U. F. rebels’ surge for political power in the nation. The U. N. sent a peacekeeping force of around 7,000, but it was too late. The late response of the U. N. resulted in the weakening of Sierra Leone due to the R. U. F. rebels’ warfare and the genocide of people during the Sierra Leonean elections of 1996 (Worldpress). Conflicts due to blood diamonds have also weakened the economy of Sierra Leone as well according to statistics and data by BBC. The issue of blood diamonds must be taken into serious consideration before more innocent blood is shed and lives are lost. The global community must come up with more jurisdictions, laws, and rules in order to prevent blood diamond trading in order to enforce clean diamond trading. Works Cited Blank, Laura. Conflict Diamonds and the Congo. n. d. 2 February 2013 lt;http://www. worldvision. org/content. nsf/about/congogt;. This article discusses about the effects of blood diamonds in the Congo during and after its civil conflict. The source describes about how the Congo is recovering from its recent blood diamond conflicts and how it is recovering. The source is reliable as the author has expertise in this subject by being a firsthand witness of blood diamonds and its effects in the Congo. Brown, Pervenia P. Blood Diamonds. 13 December 2005. 2 February 2012 lt;http://www. worldpress. org/Africa/2193. cfmgt;. This website by worldpress. org talks about the history of civil conflict due to blood diamonds in the nation of Sierra Leone. This source ranges from the early causes of the conflict, development of the conflict, and the aftermath of the conflict. The website is reliable as it is an accurate news web source of current events around the world. English Online. Blood Diamonds. February 2013 lt;http://www. english-online. at/current_affairs/blood-diamonds/african-diamond-conflict. htmgt;. English Online discusses about the effects of blood diamonds on conflict-ridden nations such as Sierra Leone, Liberia, The Ivory Coast, The Republic of Congo, Zimbabwe, and many other nations. This source talks about the effects of the blood diamonds on people in nations notorious for the blood diamond trade. Hirsch, John L. Sierra Leone: Diamonds and the Struggle for Democracy. Boulder: Lynne Rienner, 2001. This book talks about the blood diamond trade and its affects on politics in the nation of Sierra Leone. It also talks about the R. U. F. rebels and their rise to power by seizing diamond mines in order to sell mined diamonds for guerrilla warfare and political conflict. Loucoumane Couliably, Joe Bavier. Ivory Coast Wants Blood Diamond Ban Lifted. 3 June 2012. 8 Febrary 2013 lt;http://www. reuters. com/article/2012/06/03/us-un-ivorycoast-diamonds-idUSBRE85209O20120603gt;. This source discusses about the Kimberley Process and its affect on the nation of Cote dIvoire. Over the years, the blood diamond trade has been notorious in this nation causing political urmoil and genocide in Cote dIvoire. The website has elaborated about how the diamond trade was halted by the U. N. and how the Kimberley Process came into effect in Cote dIvoire. Key points discusses the aftermath of the blood diamond trade in Cote dIvoire and the sanctions that have been put into effect for certain violations pertaining to blood diamonds. Melik, James. Diamonds: Does the Kimberley Process work? 28 June 2010. 7 Febru ary 2013 lt;http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/10307046gt;. This article by James Melik of BBC discusses about the rules and regulations of the Kimberley Process. He also discusses the effect of the Kimberley Process and how it has greatly accomplished the task of preventing diamonds being used in civil conflict —. Canadian Policy and Laws. 8 February 2013. 8 February 2013 lt;http://www. state. gov/e/eb/tfs/tfc/diamonds/index. htmgt;. This source discusses about Canadas rules, policies, regulations, and thoughts on the blood diamond trade. This source gives a brief overview of how Canada has made sure that its trade involving diamonds is clean through a certification and registration process, the Kimberley Certification Process. —. Conflict Diamonds. N/A. 8 February 2013 lt;http://www. state. gov/e/eb/tfs/tfc/diamonds/index. htmgt;. This source discusses about the United States policy and regulations on the blood diamond trade. The website discusses about the recent U. S. actions taken to ensure the clean trade of diamonds. —. Diamonds in Conflict. 2005. 8 February 2013 lt;http://www. globalpolicy. org/the-dark-side-of-natural-resources-st/diamonds-in-conflict. htmlgt;. This source presented by Global Policy discusses the relation of natural resources, such as diamonds, between conflict, war, and tension in Africa. It also gives a brief history of the conflicts related due to blood diamonds during the post-Cold War era. —. Kimberley Process: Zimbabwe Diamond Exports Approved. 2 November 2011. 8 February 2013 lt;http://www. bbc. co. uk/news/world-africa-15554609gt;. This source by BBC talks about the approval of Zimbabwe in the diamond market through the Kimberley Certification Process. The webpage talks about the history of blood diamonds in the nation of Zimbabwe and the aftermath of its conflicts. —. Kimberley Process. N. D. 3 February 2013 lt;http://www. britannica. om/EBchecked/topic/1002313/Kimberley-Processgt;. This source by Encyclopedia Brittanica discusses a brief summary of the Kimberley Process. The source exaplains how the trade of blood diamonds has decreased after the enforcement of the Kimbereley Certification Process. —. South Africas Role in the Kimberley Process (Import and Export of Rough Diamonds). 13 February 2004. 8 February 2013 lt;http://www. dfa. go v. za/foreign/Multilateral/profiles/kimberly. htmgt;. This website discusses about South Africa writing and constituting the Kimberley Process to enforce clean diamond trading. This source discusses about the countries that have enforced the certification process and how the blood diamond trade has decreased because of this process. —. The Kimberley Process. N/A. 8 February 2013 lt;http://www. globalwitness. org/campaigns/conflict/conflict-diamonds/kimberley-processgt;. This source by globalwitness. org discusses a brief history of the Kimberley Certification Process. The source discusses about the nations who have enforced it and it also discusses about the regulations of blood diamonds enforced by many nations against the blood diamond trade Walt, Vivienne. Diamonds Arent Forever. 7 December 2006. 1 February 2013 lt;http://money. cnn. com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2006/12/11/8395442/index. htmgt;. This source discusses about the aftermath of the conflict-ridden nations due to blood diamonds. The author, Vivienne Walt, talks about how the nations ridden with blood diamond conflict will recover in the future and the fate of their economies. * 2 Sources (The Kimberley Process: Encyclopedia Britannica amp; Sierra Leone’s and the Struggle for Democracy) are from the Encyclopedia Britannica and Questia Databases.

Essay on Maladaptive Behavior and Psychopathology part 2Essay Writing Service

Essay on Maladaptive Behavior and Psychopathology part 2Essay Writing Service Essay on Maladaptive Behavior and Psychopathology part 2 Essay on Maladaptive Behavior and Psychopathology part 2Essay on Maladaptive Behavior and Psychopathology part  1An Individuals experiencing hypomania will most likely be viewed as pleasant to hang around, because they will be the one making jokes, taking more of an interest in people and activities. The negative aspect of a hypomanic episode is it can lead to excessive spending, erratic behavior, the seeking out of sex, and other behaviors with dangerous consequences. Joanne indicated she partied and socialized a great deal. (5) She found herself preoccupied with sexual thoughts and found sexual implications in whatever people said to her or what she saw on TV. During hypomania, the experience of euphoria can be present. (6) Joanne mentioned she was very talkative and felt euphoric except at those times when she became extremely irritable and cranky towards people. (7) She found herself striking up conversations with complete strangers. Hypomania left untreated could last for a co uple days to several months.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Joanne is hallucinating as the result of her bipolar disorder along with the depression or mania she is experiencing. She began to feel like she could hear people that actually werent there talking to her, and she began to think that her apartment could be haunted. These voices would sometimes tell her to do things, like line objects up in a certain order, or take a different route home, or start saying certain words aloud. She also felt like she could read other peoples thoughts and was sure they could read hers and that they would answer her thoughts even when she didnt say them out loud. Im sure Ive always been psychic, she said, but it just really took off. I could sense all kinds of things.TreatmentJoanne said her friends became concerned and took her to an emergency room. She was hospitalized for several days and put on lithium. Most of her symptoms seemed to abate. Although she felt more fatigued and slo wed down, her sleeping pattern improved, and her appetite increased. In the course of the move to the Chicago land Area, she had discontinued her use of the medication shed been given- the prescription had run out, and she had lost contact with the prescribing psychiatrist. She has been noticing that she has been having difficulty sleeping, feels jittery, has been getting concerned about what other people are thinking, and is having difficulty focusing on work projects because her thoughts are racing.The main goal of the treatment of the bipolar disorder is threefold. First, the treatment of the bipolar disorder aims at making mood episodes less frequent and severe. Second, the treatment aims at helping patients to function well and enjoy their life at home and at work. In addition, the treatment goal is to prevent self-injury and suicide of patients because in their depressive condition they may trigger the patient’s decision to commit a suicide or cause another self-injury. The key element of the treatment of the bipolar disorder, as is the case of Joanne, is medication. The first in the treatment of Joanne is the prescription of medicines that are called mood stabilizers. These medicines will help her to avoid mood swings from the deep depression to happiness. However, there is a risk that Joanne may feel better shortly after she starts taking these medicines. For instance, symptoms of mania of being haunted, for example, are likely to fade away soon that can lead Joanne to the wrongful decision to stop taking drugs. However, as she stops taking these drugs, symptoms are likely to return, unless the course of treatment is fully completed.To enhance effects of medicines antipsychotics or antidepressants may be prescribed too. These medicaments may facilitate the treatment based on the use of mood stabilizers and enhance the stability of the patient’s mood and behavior. However, antipsychotics and antidepressants alone are not enough to cure the bipolar disorder Joanne is suffering from.   Instead, they can be used only as the complementary medication to mood stabilizers.In addition, the assistance of family members and close relatives of the patient is needed. First of all, relatives and family members can help to trace changes in her behavior and notify swings to depressive moods and mania as well as swings to extreme happiness. They can also help the patient to keep taking medicines on and on until the medication course is fully completed. They can also assist in determining the full recovery of the patient from her current problems. Anyway, their psychological support will be very helpful for Joanne and she will recover faster and more effectively, in case of her family’s extensive support.Ethical and Cultural DiversityPeople who live in urban areas such as Chicago have more people with bipolar disorder than expected. A study of 1,157 primary care patients revealed that one in ten patients had bipolar disorder. The New York State Psychiatric Institute study in the Journal of the American Medical Association (Feb 23) revealed   less than 0.1% of these patients had ever been screened for bipolar disorder, suggesting those who live in the deprived inner city might have higher numbers of illness than reported (The Times, 2005).In this regard, Joanne’s problems are not unique and she has to come prepared to the long lasting treatment of her condition. Her position and condition is aggravated by the fact that her social environment and lifestyle are likely to be very stressful that triggers the extremely high rate of patients with the bipolar disorder. In such a situation, Joanne should be aware of the fact that her health problems are not abnormal and many other people in her community suffer from these problems too. This is why she should take her treatment for granted, while her cooperation will facilitate her full recovery. At this point, Joanne should understand that the bipolar d isorder is not something incurable. On the contrary, this health problem can be resolved successfully on the condition of the fulfillment of all recommendations of health care professionals, proper medication, change of her lifestyle and worldview, and her family’s support.At the same time, Joanne can count on the full anonymity and confidentiality of her treatment and her health problems because health care professionals working with her cannot uncover her private information to third parties. She should not be embarrassed of her health problems but she should rely on health care professionals and complete her treatment successfully.

Strategic Planning versus Strategic Incrementalism Essay

Strategic Planning versus Strategic Incrementalism - Essay Example 10 To what extent is it possible and desirable for the planning and incremental approaches to be integrated within individual organisations? 13 Reference 15 Bibliography 17 Part 1 Article 1 In the article â€Å"Of Strategies, Deliberate and Emergent† by Henry Mintzberg and James A. Waters has helped to distinguish between the two form of strategies which are said to be two ends of continuum in the real world strategies. The article points out the importance of strategy and how organisation forms strategies; the origin of the strategies has been investigated by exploring the relationship between intentions and plan and finally what actually organisation did. The article has distinguished deliberate strategies from the emergent strategies and plays a central them in the article. The paper helps to understand the complexity involved in the process of strategy formation by elaborating and refining the concepts of both the strategies. The article has helped to answer the part 2 of the assignment as it has explained the planned strategy through which effectives of the planned strategy approach can be assumed and further use to answer the relevant queries. Apart from the planned strategy and pure deliberate and emergent strategies, the article has also explained the other types of strategy which organisation might use and they are entrepreneurial strategy, ideological strategy, the umbrella strategy, the process strategy, the unconnected strategist, consensus strategy and imposed strategies. Article 2 The second article talks about the â€Å"Pitfall of Strategic Planning† which was stated by Henry Mintzberg and addressed the planning strategy to be obsessed with control both decision and strategies for the present and future, for the managers and workers and for the customers and marketers. The article has contributed in analysing the major pitfalls of planned strategic approach in a way supporting the Incrementalism strategic approach. In the article ot her forms of way in creating strategy have also been discussed, one visionary and the other form being learning. But all the three processes should work for organisation to be effective. The article stated that the planed strategic approach is highly implementable especially when the conditions or the external environment are stable. The statement supports the query as to the type of environment in which the strategic planned approach works at its best so that organisation can evaluate all the external conditions before formulating strategies in a planner and systematic manner. Thus it can be said that pitfall in planning takes place when manger do not support planning and environmental factors are not conducive in the formation of effective strategy and vice versa. Therefore pitfall of strategic planning is an article stating that not always planned strategic leads to success. Article 3 The article, â€Å"Strategic Change: logical Incrementalism† talks about the incrementali sm approach in strategic formulation and believes that strategies should be incorporated after evaluating the current environment. The article has contributed to support the incremental approach and to compare and also contrast the incremental approach from the planned strategy formulation. It has been learnt that most of the effective strategies emerge from so called â€Å"strategic subsystem† each of which tends to attacks specific issue in much disciplined way. Various organisations have adopted the incremental strategic approach such as IBM, Xerox, General Motors and others. Thus this has also contributed in the third question of second part in proving example of real companies adopting